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What is good group theory?

First of all, it must feel right, delighting our intuition with a certain sense of discovery. It needs to catch the excitement of the moment, stretch us, and give voice to inner truths. It needs to be rooted in experience which affirms the healthy needs of individuals; at the same time, it must be congruent with real-life experience in groups and organizations. It needs not only to fit into the field of existing group theories, but to expand the field. Power Equity Group (PEG) Theory meets all these criteria.

Learning PEG Theory increases our group skills, no matter which models we are currently using. As our practice develops over time, we are introduced to different theories for how groups function. We tend to adopt into our practice those theories we feel an affinity for, discarding those not seeming to fit in the moment. In this way, we can miss out on the potential usefulness of many theories. PEG Theory gives us a context for focusing on a wide range of group theory.

A Continuum of Group Theory and Interventions

The theory of egalitarian structures, or PEG Theory, anchors one end of this Continuum, balanced by traditional hierarchy at the other end. See Figure 1. Putting PEG Theory and hierarchy on a continuum creates a framework for understanding and using a wider variety of OD interventions and group theories. Such a framework enables the consultant to diagnose the client system needs and to more easily select an appropriate intervention. As consultants, the greater our understanding of PEG Theory, the more effective we are in implementing many other interventions, no matter where they are found on the Continuum of Group Theory and Interventions.

As you review Figure 1, note that the asterisks represent a variety of OD group theories and interventions. These are located on the Continuum in terms of how loosely or tightly the container for learning is held by the consultant. Container for learning refers to the way the group energy is managed based on the values and models or theories used by the consultant, and the design or agenda he or she creates that builds safety into a learning environment.

Examples of OD theories and interventions that can be located on this continuum include: Power Equity Groups, Open Space Technology, Self-Directed Teams, Future Search, Tavistock Labs, Participative Leadership, and Real Time Strategic Change.